The Big Problem with the Big Bang

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“What is a big deal—the biggest deal of all—is how you get something out of nothing. Don’t let the cosmologists try to kid you on this one. They have not got a clue either—despite the fact that they are doing a pretty good job of convincing themselves and others that this is really not a problem. “In the beginning,” they will say, “there was nothing—no time, space matter or energy. Then there was a quantum fluctuation from which …” Whoa! Stop right there. You see what I mean? … Then they are away and before you know it, they have pulled a hundred billion galaxies out of their quantum hats.”1

For decades now, the accepted model of how the universe got here has been the Big Bang. This model was made up by Georges Lemaître, a Belgian physicist, and George Gamow, a scientist and science fiction writer.2 The basic idea is that about 14 billion years ago, all of the matter and energy of the universe were concentrated into an infinitely dense point, a singularity. That point suddenly exploded, and initially formed hydrogen and helium. Matter streamed outward, and then somehow formed protons, neutrons and electrons, and then atoms. Space expanded at first “during this period of a tiny fraction of a second by a factor of at least 1026 to around 10 centimeters”.3 After the atoms formed, an era of dark matter came. About 300-500 million years after the initial events, stars began to form, by gas supposedly pushing itself into stars.4 Our solar system, including Earth, came into existence about 8.5 to 9 billion years afterwards.

Problems with the theory

The First Law of Thermodynamics states that the totality of energy remains constant (matter is also a form of energy). Evolutionists can’t explain how that original energy and matter (or just energy) of the original Big Bang singularity got there.

The Second Law of Thermodynamics states that the entropy, the measure of disorder, of a closed system (such as our universe) always increases.5 Order disintegrates into chaos, but chaos never organizes itself into order. Since things tend towards disorder, a gas cloud in space will never form stars, galaxies or planets with intricate orbits.

Missing antimatter

Whenever energy is transformed into matter, it creates equal amounts of matter and antimatter (“pair production”). The theory admits that both particles and antiparticles were created in the first minutes of the Big Bang. However, if that happened, there would have been equal amounts of both, immediately annihilating each other in a gigantic explosion and only energy would have been left behind.

We’re here, though! The observable universe is full of matter, and contains either no antimatter or very little. There is no reasonable way to explain how either there was more matter produced than antimatter, or how the antimatter is somewhere else in the universe. Scientists speculate about how this could have happened, but ultimately, they have no answer to this problem.6

The formation of stars

Another major flaw with the Big Bang theory is that it does not scientifically explain the origin of stars. It is said that gas “pull[s] itself together” due to small gravitational irregularities.7

1. No one has ever observed the formation of a star, only its explosion: novas and supernovas. Yet, according to the Big Bang theory, stars still continue to form. For instance, René Plume, PhD, of the University of Calgary Department of Physics and Astronomy, claims that around 3 new stars form on average in our own galaxy each year.8 This hypothesis ought to be testable by finding video evidence of a star forming, however no one has produced it. The video evidence of course would have to show the star in the process of forming. If just a new star appears in the sky, it might have been that a cloud of dust obscured it until now. The evolutionists claim that star formation is so long a process, that it can’t be directly observed.9 If it can’t be observed, then it’s just a hypothesis with no proof for it, not actual empirical science.

2. There is no concrete physical process, by which a gas could push itself into a solid. It does not even happen here, on the surface of the Earth, where there is gravity. The atmospheric gases do not push themselves into a solid. The gas in a propane tank does not push itself into a solid. There is just zero evidence for a process like this happening and there is zero scientific explanation of how it could happen.

The issue with the redshift

If you break up any light using a spectroscope, you get a band of the colors of the rainbow, called the spectrum of the light. If you break up the light of the star, in most cases the band gets shifted towards the red end of the spectrum. Only a few celestial objects having lights shifted towards the blue end of the spectrum.

According to the dominant scientific explanation, this redshift is caused by them moving away from us (the Doppler effect, the same effect as experienced with the sirens of emergency vehicles approaching and then moving away) and because space itself expands. It is commonly accepted that the redshift means the expansion of the universe.10

If this is true, why suppose that the universe started with a dot (singularity)? Couldn’t it have been that the universe had a “birth size”? Maybe the universe is just a few thousand years old and it has only been expanding since then.

Galaxies very far away

According to evolutionary theory, the farther away an object is, the further back in time it appears, because light had to travel to us through vast distances in space, and that takes time. However, there are cases where researchers have found galaxies very far away, for instance 12 billion light-years away.11 This means that they had only about 1 billion years to form, which is not enough time on the evolutionary timescale.

No clear evidence of Population III stars

According to the theory, when the universe first started out from the Big Bang, it only contained hydrogen and helium. The first stars, the Population III stars, only contained these two elements. Once they exploded, the theory tells us, other, heavier elements formed through fusion. When the remaining gas cloud formed stars, they contained some of these elements. These are the Population II and Population I stars. This means that there must still be a great number of Population III stars out there, since, according to the theory, the farther we look, the more we look back in time. Although some scientists did seem to find such stars in a far-away galaxy,12 there must still be a large number of them out there, not just a few. On the other hand, it does not matter from the creation viewpoint whether such stars exist or not. God could have created the universe with or without such stars.

The issue with the Cosmic Microwave Background

The Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) is a faint, microwave radiation, which is coming from all directions of space. It is very uniform, having a temperature of 2.725 Kelvin and just a little variation of about 18 µK.13

1. Because the radiation is so uniform, it creates a problem for the Big Bang theory, known as the horizon problem. Not counting the expansion of the universe, the problem simplified is the following: If the universe is about 14 billion years old, light could have only travelled 14 billion light-years during that time. From, the earth, therefore, we can see around in a 14 billion light-year-radius, the Hubble radius. The CMB at two opposite ends of our observable universe has a distance of 28 billion light-years from each other. Since the CMB is smooth, the radiation must have travelled everywhere in the universe in order to cancel out all temperature differences (thermal equilibrium). But in 14 billion years, the radiation could only have travelled half the required distance. To solve this, the theorists propose that the universe inflated with breakneck speed during the first seconds of the Big Bang, leaving a uniform imprint of the temperature in all of the universe.14 However, we have no indication that the universe expanded this rapidly. We only see a much slower inflation now, provided that this is what the redshift of stars actually means. This rapid inflation was made up to account for the horizon problem.

2. There are two interesting anomalies with the CMB: the “axis of evil” and the “cold spot”. The “axis of evil” is a hotter region in the CMB, which spans a very large distance, and is in the same plane as our solar system. How could such a large structure line up by chance with the plane of or solar system? It could be, that this is just some local, not a cosmic phenomenon. The “cold spot” is a relatively cold area of the CMB of the southern sky. If this is a hypothetical “supervoid”, as proposed by the theorists, this would be the largest structure in the universe, which is also unlikely.15, 16, 17

In conclusion, the Big Bang model for the universe is lacking in many respects, and is impossible in its most crucial points: creation of a gas cloud from a singularity, and creation of stars from that cloud.

Further resources

https://answersingenesis.org/big-bang/

https://answersingenesis.org/big-bang/does-the-big-bang-fit-with-the-bible/

https://answersingenesis.org/astronomy/cosmology/more-recent-developments-in-cosmology/

https://answersingenesis.org/big-bang/axis-evil-cold-spot-sea-rious-problems-big-bang/

https://answersingenesis.org/astronomy/cosmology/has-cosmic-inflation-been-proved/

https://answersingenesis.org/blogs/danny-faulkner/2015/10/27/have-astronomers-found-population-iii-stars/

References

1: David Darling, “On Creating Something from Nothing,” New Scientist 151 (1996): 49, quoted in Roger Patterson: Evolution Exposed Earth Science, Chapter 2 (https://answersingenesis.org/big-bang/the-big-bang-compatible/). Accessed on 2020.09.19.

2: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Bang   Accessed on 2021.01.16.

3: https://www.physicsoftheuniverse.com/topics_bigbang_timeline.html  Accessed on 2021.01.16

4: https://www.physicsoftheuniverse.com/topics_bigbang_timeline.html  Accessed on 2021.01.16 

5: https://courses.lumenlearning.com/introchem/chapter/the-three-laws-of-thermodynamics/  Accessed on 2020.01.14. 

6: https://phys.org/news/2020-12-discovery-great-mystery-universe-antimatter.html  Accessed on 2021.01.11. 

7: Margaret M. Hanson: How is a star born? https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-is-a-star-born/  Accessed on 2021.10.11 

8: http://www.ism.ucalgary.ca/Star_Formation/How_Often.html  Accessed on 2021.01.11. 

9: http://www.ism.ucalgary.ca/Star_Formation/Star_Formation.html  Accessed on 2021.01.11. 

10: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redshift  Accessed on 2021.01.08.

11: https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2007/08/growing-fast-cosmos  Accessed on 2021.01.21. 

12: https://www.cbc.ca/news/technology/earliest-stars-may-have-been-spotted-for-1st-time-1.3118609  Accessed on 2021.01.14

13: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmic_microwave_background  Accessed on 2021.01.12. 

14: http://www.astronoo.com/en/articles/horizon-problem.html  Accessed on 2021.01.12. 

15: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CMB_cold_spot  Accessed on 2021.01.14. 

16: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axis_of_evil_(cosmology)  Accessed on 2021.01.14. 

17: https://answersingenesis.org/big-bang/axis-evil-cold-spot-sea-rious-problems-big-bang/  Accessed on 2021.01.08.